English conjunctions

English conjunctions are represented by Universal Relations, or by Universal Relations and Universal Attributes.

* indicates optional representation
*** indicates relation under discussion

Conjunction	Relation	Attribute	English	UNL
after	tim	@after	The books will be sent to the library after I have read them.	tim(send, read.@after)
although	ant	@although*	Although they have arrived early they could not enter.	ant(enter, arrive.@although) or ant(enter, arrive)
and	and		He sold an apartment and bought a country-house.	and(sell, buy)
as	***	@as*	The situation is not so bad as you suggest.	***(bad, suggest.@as)
as	rsn	@because*	It`s empty, as it had been upside down	rsn(empty, upside.@because) or rsn(empty, upside)
as	tim		His hands trembled as he spoke.	tim(tremble, speak)
as if	man	@as.@if	He gives orders as if he were the master of the house.	man(give, master.@as.@if)
as though	man	@as.@if	He treated me as though I were a stranger.	man(treat, stranger.@as.@if)
as well as	and	*	Robert, as well as Smith, deservers punishment.	and(Smith.@and, Robert) or and(Smith, Robert)
because	rsn	@because*	He said he cannot go because he is very busy.	rsn(go, busy.@because) or rsn(go, busy)
before	tim	@before	Look before you leap.	tim(look, leap.@before)
both... and	and	@and*	He both speaks and writes perfectly.	and(write.@and, speak) or and(write, speak)
but	***	@but	He is young but sensible.	***(sensible.@but, young)
either... or	or	@or*	He will arrive either tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.	or(day.@or, tomorrow) or or(day, tomorrow)
even if	con	@even.@if	I intend to go even if it rains.	con(go, rain.@even.@if) or con(go, rain.@even)
even though	***	@although	Even though I was really tired, I couldn`t sleep.	***(sleep, tired.@although)
except if	con	@except.@if	I intend to go except if it rains.	con(go, rain.@except.@if) or(go, rain.@except)
for	rsn	@because*	We must go, for it is late.	rsn(go, late.@because) or rsn(go, late)
if	obj	-	I asked him if he intended to travel this month.	obj(ask, intend)
if	con	@if*	If you promise to come, I will wait for you.	con(wait, promise.@if) or con(wait, promise)
in case (that)	rsn	@in_case	He wears two watches in case one of them stops.	rsn(wear, stop.@in_case)
neither... nor	and	@and*	He drinks neither tea nor milk.	and(milk.@and.@not, tea.@not) or and(milk.@not, tea.@not)
nor	and	@and*	He would not buy it nor would he accept it as a gift.	and(accept.@and.@not, buy.@not) or and(accept.@not, buy.@not)
not only... but also	and	@and*	Not only does Sue raise money for the symphony, but she also ushers at all of their concerts.	and(usher.@and, raise) or and(usher, raise)
only if	con	.@if.@only	Only if you promise to come, I will wait for you.	con(wait, promise.@if.@only) or con(wait, promise.@only)
or	or	.@or*	You must prove that you are right or apologize	or(apologize.@or, prove) or or(apologize, prove)
since	rsn	@because*	Since you don`t like this model, I`ll show you another one	rsn(show, like.@because) or rsn(show, like)
since	tmf	@since*	What have you been doign since I last say you?	tmf(do, say.@since) or tmf(do, say)
so	***	@so*	We are late for the train, so we must take a taxi.	***(take, late.@so)
so that	***	@so*	He preferred to work in the morning, so that he might be free in the afternoon.	***(free, prefer.@so)
than	bas	-	You are taller than he (is).	bas(tall, he)
that	obj	-	I know that is impossible.	obj(know, impossible)
that	rsn	@because*	He is so hoarse that we can hardly hear what he says.	rsn(hear, hoarse.@because) or rsn(hear, hoarse)
that	***	@so*	He ran so much that he might arrive in time.	***(arrive.@so, run)
then	***	@so*	Our expenses will be very heavy: we will have to buy a great number of books; then we'll have to pay several debts.	***(pay.@so, buy)
though	***	@although
till	tmt	@until*	Wait till the day breaks.	tmt(wait, break.@until) or tmt(wait, break)
unless	con	@unless	I shall go unless it rains.	con(go, rain.@unless)
until	tmt	@until*	Wait until the day breaks.	tmt(wait, break.@until) or tmt(wait, break)
when	tim	@when*	When I arrive I will write.	tim(write, arrive.@when) or tim(write, arrive)
whereas	coo	@whereas*	You didn`t work yesterday, whereas he worked till midnight.	coo(work, work.@whereas) or coo(work, work)
whether	obj	-	I asked him whether he intended to travel this month.	obj(ask, travel)
whether... or	or	@or*	I would like to know whether he is in France or in England.	or(England, France)
while	coo	@whereas*	You were punctual , while he is always late.	coo(punctual, late.@whereas) or coo(punctual, late)
while	dur	@while*	Remain standing while they sing.	dur(stand, sing.@while) or dur(stand, sing)
yet	***	@but	He is extremely poor, yet he is as happy as a king.	***(king.@but, poor)